Modeling the Process of Loading 3d Models in a Client Application

Relevance. The growing use of client-side AR applications increases the demands on the speed of loading and rendering 3D models. Network conditions and the resource constraints of client devices make it necessary to develop simple yet adequate mathematical models of the loading process. Such models enable the identification of bottlenecks and the development of effective optimization methods aimed at reducing waiting time and improving the user experience. Object of the study: the process of loading and rendering 3D models in a client application with augmented reality elements. Purpose of the article: to develop a simplified mathematical model of the 3D model loading process in the client-side web application implemented with Angular, which takes into account key parameters – the size of the model data, network bandwidth, and processing delays – and serves as a foundation for the development of methods to optimize loading time. Research results. The study presents a mathematical model that describes the total time T required for loading and rendering 3D models in a client-side AR application. The model formalizes the relationships between the model data size, network bandwidth, processing delays, the overhead constant t0, and the optimization coefficient δ. The derived analytical dependencies make it possible to evaluate the influence of each parameter on the total time T and to use them as a basis for methods of optimizing the transmission and preprocessing of 3D content. The model has been verified, which confirmed its adequacy within the defined assumptions and parameter ranges. Conclusions. A simplified model is proposed that demonstrates both flexibility and ease of application: through the introduction of the overhead constant and the optimization coefficient δ, it can be adapted to different scenarios of client application operation and varying network conditions. The derived analytical dependencies may be applied in the development of practical optimization methods aimed at reducing the loading time of 3D models and improving the user experience in AR clients. Scope of application of the obtained results: client-side AR applications (mobile and web-based), systems for preprocessing and delivery of 3D content, and optimization tools for frontend development projects (including those implemented with Angular).