Characteristics and long-term follow-up of patients with acute myocardial infarction with coronary arteries without significant blockages (MINOCA). A cohort study (2015-2019)

Objective: to describe the characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), as well as their cardiovascular outcomes at 18 months.Materials and method: this was an ambispective cohort study that included patients who underwent coronary angiography after being diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 2015 and 2019.The MINOCA group was selected, and outcomes such as readmissions and major cardiovascular events were obtained at 18 months.Results: data were obtained from 433 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 141 (33%) of whom met the criteria for MINOCA.The most prevalent clinical manifestations were chest pain and anginal equivalents (62% and 62.4%, respectively).The majority presented with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (92.1%), with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% (42.6%).During the 18-month follow-up, data were obtained from 102 patients, 22% of whom had readmissions and 18% reinfarction; during follow-up, cardiovascular mortality was 12%, and all-cause mortality was 36%.Conclusions: there was a higher proportion of MINOCA in this study than described in the literature, with a predominance of atypical clinical manifestations.Equally striking was the significant percentage of pre-infarctions and cardiovascular deaths during this cohort's follow-up.