Increased scientific and technological advancements help to explore the ocean's wealth of resources using Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). Existing research on UWSNs addresses its issues related to energy consumption, transmission rate, and mobility through routing protocols. Sink node collects sensor nodes event information. UWSN can have single sink or multiple sinks in static or dynamic position. Aquasim NG is the popularly used environment for UWSN with NS2 and NS3. This paper uses Aquasim NG and NS3 to evaluate the performance of routing protocols in single sink and multiple sink cases. Important performance parameters such as packet delivery ratio, end-toend delay, throughput is evaluated varying the number of sensor nodes and its transmission range. It is observed that these parameters are better with multiple mobile sink node environment.
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Chaudhari et al. (2024) studied this question.
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