BConvLSTM: a deep learning-based technique for severity prediction of a traffic crash

Predicting the severity of crashes has become a significant issue in research on road accidents. Traffic accident severity prediction is essential for protecting vulnerable road users and preventing traffic accidents. For practitioners to identify significant risk variables and set appropriate countermeasures in place, explainability of the forecast is also essential. Most previous research ignores the severity of property loss caused by traffic accidents and cannot differentiate between different levels of fatalities and property loss severity. Additionally, while an understandable structure of deep neural networks (DNN) is significantly lacking in existing works, understanding traditional systems is quite simple. An inability to use structural data when describing forecasting and the many attempts to incorporate neural networks afflict the absence of hidden layers. We propose a Deep Learning (DL) framework for forecasting traffic crash severity to overcome the accident severity prediction. It has three steps to process. Initially, collected input data are cleaned. Data cleaning is performed in a preprocessing step. We conduct experiments on two datasets, A Countrywide (US) Traffic Accident Dataset and UK Road Accident Dataset. The outcomes of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique outperformed other approaches and produced the best accuracy.