Hypoadiponectinemia Is Associated Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia and Hence Increases Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia are the important factors contributing to cardiovascular risk in Diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. In the present study we studied the association of Plasma Adiponectin with Insulin Resistance and Lipid prole parameters in Type 2 Diabetes.Materials and Methods: The study included 100 Type 2 Diabetic Subjects and 100 age-matched healthy individuals with no history of Diabetes. The Anthropometric measurements, Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Fasting insulin, Plasma Adiponectin and Lipid prole were measured in these subjects. HOMA- IR formula was used to calculate Insulin Resistance. Results: Fasting and Post prandial plasma glucose, Insulin and HOMA-IR were increased in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects when compared to controls. Plasma Adiponectin was signicantly reduced in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects compared to controls. In Type 2 Diabetic Subjects, Plasma Adiponectin was found signicantly inversely correlated with insulin resistance (r=-0.58, p<0.01), Total cholesterol (r=-0.51, p<0.01), Triglycerides (r=-0.44, p<0.01) and LDL-C levels (r=-0.56, p<0.01). Asignicant Positive correlation was also observed between Plasma Adiponectin and HDL-C level (r=0.37, p<0.01) in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects. Conclusion:Hypoadiponectinemia in Type 2 Diabetes is associated with Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia and plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular risk.