The Role of Exosomes in The Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease and Potential Therapeutic Strategies

The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, continues to be a focal point of research within the medical community. In recent years, advancements in exosome research have revealed a significant role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Exosomes, distinguished by their lipid bilayer membrane, are small vesicles actively secreted by cells. Exosomes play a crucial role not only in modulating the immune response and serving as transporters in inflammatory pathways but also have a substantial impact on tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic strategies in the field of medicine. In PD, disturbances in exosome functionality can directly influence neuronal health. Research suggests that exosomes in PD patients may experience changes in quantity, composition, and function. These alterations have the potential to cause neuronal damage and death, thus exacerbating the disease progression. This study delves into the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of PD and explores potential therapeutic approaches.