The suspension system plays a crucial role in vehicle dynamics, impacting ride comfort and safety. As electric vehicles (EVs) gain prominence as the future of transportation, understanding their unique dynamic behaviour becomes essential since they differ in mass and weight distribution from a similar conventional petrol-powered vehicle. The study is based on vehicle-bridge interaction dynamics where a vehicle while traversing on a bridge, induces structural vibrations that subsequently propagate feedback responses to the vehicle. A system of half car model (HCM) passing over a bridge is mathematically modelled and dynamics for both the vehicles is analysed, and the ride parameters are compared against each other. The HCM of the EV has 4 degrees of freedom (DOF), while the ICE vehicle has 5 DOF due to the consideration of on-board loads specific to internal combustion engine vehicles which induces high-frequency vibrations in the vehicle. The bridge is modelled as a simply supported Euler-Bernoulli beam and modal analysis is carried out to simplify the system. Additionally, road disturbances are taken into account which are caused by a standard speed breaker followed by class C road roughness adhering to international standards. The system of coupled equation is solved using MATLAB Simulink by applying the Runge Kutta numerical method.
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Kasle et al. (2024) studied this question.
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