Understanding hijab-wearing behaviour among female university students: an empirical examination of cultural influence, family influence, and personal preference

The study aims to examine the impact of cultural influence, family influence and personal preference on hijab-wearing behaviour among female university students. By employing convenience sampling, a sample of 350 students from two large public sector universities was selected. Data were collected through a well-structured cross-sectional survey having items assessing cultural, family influences and personal preference, as well as hijab-wearing behaviour. SmartPLS-4 software was used to test the study hypotheses. The results showed that cultural influence and family influence along with personal preference have a significantly positive impact on hijab-wearing behaviour. The study highlights the importance of cultural and familial influences and personal preference in determining hijab-wearing behaviour among female university students. It suggests further research to examine potential mediating and moderating factors, as well as the influence of religious beliefs and peer pressure. Practical implications for educators, policymakers, and religious leaders are also discussed.