Primary thyroid angiosarcoma with liquid based cyto-histopathological findings in a Turkish woman: A rare case report

Angiosarcoma of the thyroid gland is a very rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumor with destructive behavior, characterized by high mortality rates. We presented the cyto-histopathological findings of an angiosarcoma case of primarily thyroid origin. A 39-year-old female patient was presented with thyroid tumor appeared as hemorrhagic, non-encapsulated, with focal cystic nodules. Histological appearance of the tumor included vascular-like spaces lined with large epithelioid cells staining positively with factor VIII, CD31. These vascular-like spaces contained erythrocytes. Retrospective cytology showed that malignant endothelial cells were arranged in loosely cohesive clusters. These cells had abundant cytoplasm, distinct nucleoli, irregular contoured and hyperchromatic oval nuclei. This is one of rare cases of primary thyroid angiosarcoma with sufficient cytological material, showing macroscopic and histopathological findings with liquid-based cytology. For the diagnosis of thyroid primary angiosarcoma in aspiration, cytological findings should be evaluated with immunohistochemical methods or, if possible, together with histopathological findings.