Bridging the Gap in Primary Healthcare: Identifying Gaps and Recommendations to Enhancing the Utilization of PHC Services in Lebanon: A Qualitative Study

In Lebanon, a nation facing significant challenges like a high refugee population and limited public health funding, Primary Healthcare (PHC) stands as a key component of the health strategy, despite the obstacles. Managed by a collaboration of various entities, Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCCs) are essential in addressing crises, including economic downturns and the influx of Syrian refugees. This study delves into the factors affecting PHC service utilization among both beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in Lebanon, aiming to uncover the barriers and facilitators to PHC access and provide recommendations for enhancing service uptake. Conducted across 8 governorates with 240 participants in 24 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) at 16 randomly selected PHCCs, the study investigates the contextual factors influencing PHC use, barriers to service access, and potential improvements. It was inferred that the main obstacles to utilizing PHC services lie at the operational level, such as issues with the appointment system, waiting times, and communication with staff. Participants suggested improvements focused on ensuring the delivery and sustainability of high-quality PHC services readily available across the country. The study underscores the need for increased efforts to bolster the quality and sustainability of PHC services in Lebanon and calls for further research to explore service delivery and barriers more closely. Understanding these aspects is crucial for strengthening the health system and bridging the accessibility gap between the community and PHCCs.