Punishment is in Kant's view a topic in the philosophy of law or right. Punishment is imposed not by individuals, but by courts and judges, and it is therefore a practice that presupposes the existence of the state. Kant argues in some detail that we have a moral obligation to leave the state of nature and to enter a civil commonwealth, because it is only in a state or commonwealth that external justice, especially with respect to rights to hold property, can be assured and enforced. The state then exists as the enforcer of the rights of citizens. Kant's theory of the state and its proper functions, and of the law of property and of punishment, is all statements of moral ideals. This paper is studying the concept of Punishment, Justification of Punishment and the Kant’s view on Justification of Punishment.
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Muniyappa et al. (2024) studied this question.
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