The purpose of the study is to systematize the 27 EU member states in separate groups in 2021 based on the relative shares in GDP of the expenditure of the sub-sector “Central government” by functions of the COFOG and on this basis a comparative analysis was made of the European spending policies in the field of providing public goods for the benefit of the society. Attention is focused on the public policy dimensions of the provision of collective consumption goods in EU member states after 2020 and the effect of the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic on the financing of strategic government functions to each country.
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A 2024 study studied this question.
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