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Cerium oxide nanoparticles (NPs), also known as ceria NPs, are particles of cerium oxide with sizes in the nanometer range. Cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) is a compound composed of cerium and oxygen, and when it is reduced to NPs, it exhibits unique properties and applications. Cerium oxide NPs possess excellent catalytic properties. Cerium oxide NPs can switch between different oxidation states, Ce +4 and Ce +3 , by gaining or losing oxygen atoms. This redox activity enables them to scavenge and neutralize free radicals and reactive oxygen species through their ability to cycle between these states and reduce oxidative stress in cells and tissues.
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Sura A. Abdulsattar (2024) studied this question.
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