Numerical simulations reveal effective crushable zones absorb collision energy in trains, suggesting design improvements may reduce occupant injuries.
The results of numerical simulations of passenger train collisions are presented in this paper Train coaches with unoccupied, crushable end zones are employed to dissipate collision energy. Proper design of the crush zones and passenger compartment is shown to result in distribution of the crush along the length of the impacting trains. The main design parameters for these crushable zones are studied for a variety of train configurations, coach load vs. deformation characteristics, and inter coach gaps. Results show that well designed crushable zones can absorb collision energy in a predictable manner, thus reducing the probability of occupant injuries and fatalities.
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Chatterjee et al. (1995) studied this question.
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