Development of a program for a children's garden that is in accordance with the principles of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)

This study was conducted to foster the essential capacities for coexistence between humans and nature, in order to achieve sustainable development. The “Children's Garden Activity Program Based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)” was implemented following prior research and literature review, early childhood teachers' perception, actual status and needs survey, in-depth interviews, expert content validity verification, and field application feasibility verification stages. A preliminary version was created. The finalized “Children's Garden Activity Program Based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)” was designed to efficiently integrate Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and holds significance in the following aspects. First, the four core values of development, including respect development—respect for humans for the future for cultural diversity, for diversity. development. The educational content for each session was developed in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations. Thirdly, the teaching-learning approach was segmented into teaching-learning phases and teaching methods, encompassing a total of 15 sessions. Following the development of the program, the field applicability and validity of the content were confirmed through evaluations by children and teachers.