A Conceptual Framework for Human Resource Management at the General Secondary Education Level៖ Perceptions of Education Experts

Human resource management at the secondary level in the education sector is crucial, which inevitably requires the development of a significant conceptual framework that is consistent with the development of the nation. Educational personnel, both teaching staff and non-teaching staff, are the most important actors in supporting students or learners to achieve higher academic achievement. Consequently, educational personnel are also the main actors who play crucial roles in implementing educational policies and illustrating the national curriculum and other curricula at school levels. Inevitably, as the quality of education cannot exceed the quality of educational personnel, the quality of educational staff is a determining factor in the quality of education. Therefore, this research aims to study the conceptual framework of human resource management in education at the secondary education level by studying the concepts, models, theories, articles, other relevant research documents, and views of educational experts. Five educational experts who have high knowledge and significant experience and are working as managers in various entities in the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport are selected as the sample for data collection in this research. Data collection has been done by requesting and seeking comments and evaluation from those five educational experts on the draft conceptual framework, which was developed by utilizing the Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) form. Hence, the data are analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics which determine the percentage and the mean value. As a result, the analytical evaluation shows that the conceptual framework of human resource management at the secondary education level in the education sector is appropriate, as indicated by the average score of 0.93, which is approximately equal to 96.67%. This conceptual framework consists of three components: (1) human resource capacity development (a. professional standards for teachers and a. professional development) (2) human resource performance (a. performance evaluation b. job descriptions) and (3) human resource conservation (a. rewards and career development). Simultaneously, five out of six sub-components have also received an evaluation value of appropriateness with an average score of 1.00, which is equal to 100%, except one of the sub-components related to the description of positions, which receives an average score of 0.60, equal to 80%. Based on the results of this analytical research, it is necessary to develop a conceptual framework and development strategies for human resource management at the secondary education level in the education sector to ensure the development of human resource capacity, staff performance evaluation, and human resources maintenance.