In-vitro and In-silico Docking Studies of Active Constituents of Momordica charantia and Emblica officinalis as Potential Alpha-Amylase Inhibitors

Introduction: Commercially available oral hypoglycemic drugs are known to be potential alpha-amylase inhibitors that reduce postprandial hyperglycemia. Natural drugs are nowadays very popular in the treatment of diabetes. Aim and Objectives: This study investigated in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibition of Momordica charantia and Emblica officinalis and studied the interaction between active phytoconstituents and alpha-amylase enzyme. Method: Active constituents of both fruits were identified, docking studies were performed using Autodock Vina, and interactions were studied using PyMOL and Discovery Studio. The alpha-amylase inhibitory potentials of the fresh juice were investigated at the concentration of the fresh juice with alpha amylase enzyme and starch solution at 565 nm was observed. Result: With the docking studies, it was observed that momoridicin I and II showed better interaction with alpha-amylase enzyme (PDB ID: 1B2Y) and showed binding energies at -8.2 and -8.4 Kcal/mol, respectively. The fresh juice of both fruits showed the most effective alpha-amylase inhibition and IC50 values found at 440 and 312 μL/mL, respectively. Summary and Conclusion: The attempt to study in-silico docking studies and in-vitro alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition were successfully performed. Comparatively, M. charantia showed more enzyme inhibition at low concentrations.