Evaluation of hematological parameters and lipid profile in dyspeptic patient with gastric Helicobacter pylori infection, southern Ethiopia, 2022 GC

Helicobacter pylori is gram-negative bacteria, mainly lives in the stomach and one of the cause of dyspepsia; however, it's not confined to gastrointestinal tract rather extends its pathogenesis on other system. To evaluate lipid profiles and hematologic markers in dyspeptic individuals with and without H. pylori infection. The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Arba Minch General Hospital, from February 2023 to July 2023, 51 H. Pylori positive and 51 H. pylori-negative dyspeptic patients were recruited for this study by a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Using a pretested questionnaire, socio-demographic and behavioral variables were gathered. H. pylori antigen was detected in human fecal samples using the H. pylori Ag cassette for infection diagnosis. Blood samples were taken to evaluate lipid profile and hematological markers. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data and a P-value of <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant for all variables. The study's findings revealed that the H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative study groups had different mean deviations for hematological parameters (Hg, RBC, HCT, MCV, MCH, and RDW) and lipid profiles. In the H. Pylori positive group compared to H. pylori-negative patients, the mean value of RDW (13.98 ± 0.96 vs. 14.96 ± 1.38) increased whereas other hematological profiles declined. When compared to H. pylori-negative dyspeptic individuals, there was a drop in the mean value of HDL (40.92 ± 5.64 vs. 37.65 ± 5.88) and increased the mean values of TC, TG, and LDL in H. pylori-positive patients. HDL showed positive significant relationship with Hgb., RBC, HCT r = 0.39,r = 0.38,r = 0.43 respectively; While other lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL) showed negative significant correlation. The findings showed that H. pylori infection is related to an altered lipid profile and hematological markers and HDL showed significant positive correlation with Hgb, RBC, HCT.