The constitutional right to defense is exercised at all stages of the criminal process. The main and mandatory stage of the criminal process is the preliminary investigation stage. An independent professional legal adviser - a lawyer - takes an active part in this stage. The author of the article examines the powers and responsibilities of a defense lawyer. The article analyzes the main directions of participation of the defense lawyer in the adversarial process, which influence the course of the investigation and the formation of the evidence base in the criminal case. The public legal nature of a lawyer’s activity is noted, despite the fact that the legal profession is an institution of civil society, not the state. A distinction is made between the participation of a lawyer in criminal proceedings as a defender and as a representative. It is concluded that the correct and full use by a lawyer of his procedural rights is a key factor that contributes to the effectiveness of ensuring and protecting the rights of the client and contributes to the general attitude towards fairness in the legal process.
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Заурби Лелович Шхагапсоев (2024) studied this question.