Dietary Approaches for Prevention of the Eye Diseases Caused by Oxidative Stress

Diet is a crucial lifestyle factor that can have long-term effects on eye health.Worldwide, approximately 250 million people suffer from progressive vision loss to varying degrees, and development of chronic eye diseases such as cataracts, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy.Oxidative stress is a common underlying cause of eye disorders, as the eye is extremely sensitive to generated free radicals upon the exposure to ultraviolet light.Although various strategies have been proposed to mitigate negative effects of oxidative stress on the eye, antioxidant therapy is often recommended.Consequently, dietary approaches aiming to increase intake of food antioxidants, such as vitamins E and C and coenzyme Q, are promising in restoration of the oxidative balance leading to reduction of oxidative stress damage.Nutrients and dietary bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, anthocyanins, and vitamins, have been found to possess antioxidant properties that can benefit eye health by protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation.Some dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and the MIND diet, have been associated with improved eye health and reduced risk of age-related eye diseases.Conversely, a Western-style diet high in processed foods, red meat, saturated fats, and sugars is linked to an increased risk of eye diseases.In conclusion, dietary interventions play a significant role in maintaining eye health and preventing age-related eye diseases.Further research is needed to determine the optimal daily intake and efficacy of antioxidants in preventing age-related eye diseases.