Diagnosis and treatment of canine acanthomatous Ameloblastoma

Odontogenic tumors are common neoplasms in the canine oral cavity, with ameloblastoma being one of the most frequent and aggressive benign odontogenic tumors. These tumors arise from developmental abnormalities in ameloblasts, cells responsible for enamel formation. The gold standard diagnosis is histopathological examination, and treatment typically involves surgical removal of the neoplasm. The specific surgical technique (e.g., mandibulectomy or maxillectomy) depends on the extent of bone involvement. This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma in the right mandible of a 10-year-old female French Bulldog. The dog presented sialorrhea and anorexia in April 2023 at a private hospital in the inner state of São Paulo. Following clinical evaluation, radiographic imaging, and histopathological examination, the dog was diagnosed with acanthomatous ameloblastoma and underwent surgery to remove the tumor. Postoperative evaluation revealed an active and healthy recovery with no signs of bone involvement. This case highlights the importance of a therapeutic approach to improve the patient's quality of life.