The electrification of transportation, including off-highway vehicles (OHVs), is advancing, offering benefits such as lower emissions, decreased noise, and enhanced efficiency. This paper delivers an extensive overview of electric vehicles (EVs) across various segments, including passenger cars, trucks, and OHVs, discussing significant technological progress, market dynamics, and upcoming trends. It underscores the primary advantages of EVs and their adaptability for different OHV applications like construction, mining, agriculture, and forestry. Additionally, the paper highlights the technical details of all electric vehicles from different manufacturers alongside original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), emphasizing the advancement and innovation. This paper also concludes that EVs are set to lead the transportation sector towards a greener, quieter, and more sustainable future.
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Singh et al. (2024) studied this question.
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