Recovery of pear clonal rootstock from viruses using complex in vitro therapy

Currently, various methods of healing plants from viruses are used: thermotherapy, chemotherapy, magnetotherapy. These methods need to be improved in accordance with the characteristics of the pear and the properties of the viruses. The recovery of plants of the clonal rootstock of the Zagorievsky pear from ACLSV and ApMV was carried out in vitro in 2021-2022 with the use of antiviral preparations ribavirin (standard) 40 mg/l, phenolcarboxylic acid 30 mg/l and cyclopentanone 2.5 mg/l at air temperatures of 20 and 38 °C in the conditions of a climate control KS-200 SPU for three months. Magnetic pulse processing (MPT) was performed using an AMIS-8 device designed by the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution of the Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture. Ribavirin, phenolcarboxylic acid, phenolcarboxylic acid + cyclopentanone in combination with MPT and a temperature of 38 °C ensured a high survival rate of explants (81.3-87.5 %). The yield of explants free from viruses using various methods of rehabilitation was 71.4-100.0 %. The lowest virus infection index (1.2-1.3 for ACLSV and 1.2 for ApMV) with the highest yield of virus-free explants (100 %) was when using phenolcarboxylic acid or complex therapy using phenolcarboxylic acid and heat treatment.