Bag Retrieval of Gall Bladder in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Impact on Port Site Surgical Infections.

Background: Different methods of retrieval of gall bladder specimen from the abdominal cavity have been used since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Numerous studies have shown the benefits of specimen bag retrieval over direct removal. Our study is aimed at evaluating efficacy of specimen bags in prevention of port site surgical infections in histopathologically proven cholecystitis. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Hi- Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, for a period of 1 year from January 2023 to January 2024. Data was collected regarding demographics of patient, use of a specimen bag, port site surgical infections and final Histopathology report of Gall bladder specimen. Results: There were 170 histopathologically proven cholecystitis during our study period. Specimen bag was not used for gallbladder retrieval [Group A] in 44.1% (n = 75) patients. Specimen bag was used in majority of the patients [Group B] 45.9% (n = 95). Overall wound infection rate was 11.8% (20 cases), with 75% (n = 15) being in the patient group where no specimen bag was used. Conclusion: In this study it has been observed that epigastric port specimen retrieval without bag resulted in more port site wound infection and use of specimen bag was associated with less port site infections.