High-speed computational multiphoton imaging through scattering media

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

We present a novel approach to achieve high-speed depth-resolved two-photon imaging through the development of a deep-learning-based temporal-focusing two-photon microscope utilizing the De-scattering with Excitation Patterning (DEEP) method, referred to as DEEP-Line. DEEP-Line incorporates a line-scanning scheme, widefield detection utilizing a high-speed Silicon Photomultiplier array, and employs deep-learning-based image reconstruction. The performance of our system is validated using diverse biological samples. Our imaging method achieves orders of magnitude improvement in speed by reducing excitation patterns to several tens and employing MHz parallel detections. Furthermore, our approach can enable fluorescence lifetime imaging and enhances axial resolution.