Orbit Determination of Near-Earth Asteroids and Impact Efficiency Assessment of Asteroid 2015XF2

In defense against the threat of asteroid impacts, countries worldwide are vigorously engaged in asteroid monitoring and warning efforts. This report briefly introduces the use of short arc observations based on astronomical optical measurements for the initial orbit determination of newly discovered asteroid targets. It also explores the analysis of precise orbit data for near-Earth asteroids through joint optical measurements from both space-based and ground-based platforms. The study investigates the orbit determination capabilities of different space-based platforms for various types of near-Earth asteroid orbits.Additionally, the report discusses the dynamical behavior of periodic orbits in the restricted three-body problem and the corresponding search strategies. To meet the requirements of subsequent related missions, an analysis of the impact efficiency assessment for asteroid 2015XF261 is conducted. The simulation of the asteroid impact process is carried out, and the precision of orbit determination before and after the asteroid impact is analyzed through ground-based optical and Doppler measurements.