A programmable photonic integrated circuit can have a large number of input/output waveguide light coupling ports. We have developed a robust and low-cost solution for attaching different types of fiber-optic array blocks to silicon photonics chips. In our first attempt, we achieved light coupling of upto 25% through a grating coupler which is very close to its theoretical value of about 35%. The coupling efficiency remained unaltered even after six months from its packaging date.
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Gayen et al. (2024) studied this question.
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