Efficiency of three different fluoride varnishes on enamel remineralization of primary teeth: An in vitro study

Introduction: Fluoride is fundamental in the prevention of dental caries; itenhances the precipitation of calcium and phosphates, forming fluorapatite, which ismore acid-resistant than hydroxyapatite. Recently, Nano Silver Fluoride was presentedas a new remineralizing agent. Aim: This study aimed to compare the remineralizationpotential of three different fluoride varnishes Fluor Protector varnish (FP), Enamel Provarnish (EP), and Nano Silver Fluoride varnish (NSF) on the enamel of primary teeth.Materials and Methods: 80 samples were gathered, and randomly distributed amongthree groups: negative control group, demineralized group, and study group which wassubdivided into 3 subgroups, subgroup A: Fluor Protector, subgroup B: Enamel Proand subgroup C: Nano silver fluoride. Pepsi was used for 72 hours to demineralizethe Positive control group and the study group. Varnishes were then applied. All teethwere subjected to pH cycle in a demineralization solution/artificial saliva for 10 days.Vicker's microhardness test, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), andEnvironmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESM) were used to measure the extentof enamel mineralization. The data were then, statistically evaluated. Results: EnamelPro showed the highest results followed by Fluor protector and Nano silver fluoridehowever, there was no statistically significant difference between the three tested groups.Conclusion: The study showed that the Enamel Pro had the highest values inmicrohardness, EDX, and ESM, but there was no significant statistical difference betweenthe three groups. All the materials used proved their efficiency in remineralization ofthe demineralized enamel.