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During the government of Salvador Allende (1970-73), Chile implemented a state program of Social Tourism that materialized the right to rest. At least sixteen resorts were built: villas that included "A" type cabins with prefabricated structure, common kitchen and dining room, bathrooms, and community areas. However, after the military coup (1973), they were confiscated and transformed into detention and torture centers, vacation destinations for uniformed personnel, or sold to private individuals. As a result, the resorts went through a long process of invisibility and oblivion, almost completely erasing the record of their existence. Despite this, the memory of these places endures in the various material vestiges scattered along the coast. The research is based on documentary, iconographic, primary source materials, and trips throughout Chile, which sought to verify the existence of the 16 resorts, their location conditions, transformations, and current state, in order to reconstruct this part of history. Keywords: social tourism, seaside resorts, landscape, memory. Durante el gobierno de Salvador Allende (1970-73), Chile implementó un programa estatal de Turismo Social que materializó el derecho al descanso. Se construyeron al menos dieciséis balnearios: villas que incluían cabañas tipo "A" de estructura prefabricada, cocina y comedor común, baños y áreas comunitarias. Sin embargo, tras el golpe militar (1973), fueron confiscados y transformados en centros de detención y tortura, como destinos vacacionales para uniformados o vendidos a particulares. Con ello, los balnearios pasaron por un largo proceso de invisibilización, siendo borrados casi que completamente el registro de su existencia. A pesar de ello, la memoria de estos lugares perdura en los diversos vestigios materiales dispersos en la costa. La investigación se basa en fuentes documentales, iconográficas, materiales de primera fuente y viajes a lo largo de Chile, que buscaron comprobar la existencia de los 16 balnearios, sus condiciones de emplazamiento, transformaciones y estado actual, de manera a reconstruir esta parte de la historia. Palabras clave: turismo social, balnearios, paisaje, memoria.
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Cortés et al. (2024) studied this question.
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