February 28, 2024Open Access

Time Expansion Wave Theory—A New Approach to Understanding the Universe and Its Expansion

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Theoretical model reveals universal expansion dynamics matching luminosity data, suggesting time operates as a spatial dimension.

A refined time expansion wave theory matches observed cosmological luminosity data, treating time as an artefact of a fourth spatial dimension.
The theoretical model calculates a Hubble expansion rate constant of 71.3 km/s/Mpc alongside an expansion velocity of 6.87 × 106 ms-1.
The framework augments general relativity to explain wave particle duality and the fine structure constant governing electromagnetic force.

Gary Jarvis (2024) studied this question.

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