Reactions to Modern Religious Movements in the Romanian Territory in the Nineteenth Century Until World War I

The presence and emergence of Neo-Protestant cults on Romanian territory beginning with 19th aroused several reactions both from traditional churches and from civil authorities. The attitude towards the "newcomers" was different, taking various forms of manifestation. These reactions varied in intensity: from opposition to persecution. They also differed from one territory to another. The authorities (civil and religious) have acted independently of each other and in synergy. Most often the association was led by the pressure from the religious authority towards the political authority. These reactions also produced several effects among the modern religious movements. This presentation will show some of them. It is also worth emphasizing the attitude of civil society where it existed and was preserved in historical sources.