Gamification is increasingly used in education to motivate and engage students. This paper reviews the topic of gamification in education and its benefits for different subject areas and learner populations. The key affordances of gamification are identified, including providing feedback, incentivizing learning, scaffolding competencies, and facilitating a growth mindset. The paper examines research evidence on the effectiveness of gamified learning interventions in domains including various subjects, languages, business studies, and the humanities. Both positive outcomes, such as increased engagement and academic achievement, and challenges or risks are examined. The paper focuses on how to use of gamification for personalized learning, which allows content and activities to be tailored to individual learners' needs. Links between gamification and educational theories around motivation and learning are discussed. Finally, the ethical considerations of using game elements in education are explored, such how extrinsic and intrinsic motivators helps in overall development of the learner. The paper synthesizes research across disciplines to derive implications for instructional designers and educators interested in effectively leveraging gamification to enhance diverse students' engagement and learning.
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Sawarkar et al. (2024) studied this question.
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