Abstract No. 219 A Single-Center, Retrospective Study on the Complications of Venous Malformation Embolization: Risk Factors and Outcomes

To study the safety profile, associated risk factors, and outcomes of complications following percutaneous sclerotherapy of peripheral venous malformations (VMs). Our vascular anomalies database was searched for patients with peripheral VMs who underwent image-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy between 2003 to 2022. Charts were retrospectively reviewed to extract patient demographics, VM location, presenting symptoms, treatment details, adverse events (AEs), and their outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests were used for prediction analysis. 202 patients (mean age: 26.2±15.8 years) with peripheral VMs were identified. Of them, 116 (57.4%) were adults and 87 (43.7%) were males (further demographic details are in Table 219.1). 621 percutaneous sclerotherapy procedures were performed under fluoroscopic, ultrasound, MRI, or CT guidance under general or moderate anesthesia with or without regional nerve block, with an average of 3.3±3.7 treatments per patient (range: 1-27). Sclerosing agents included ethanol (n=367, 59.1%), Sotradecol (n=142, 22.9%), bleomycin (n=85, 13.7%), glue (n=11, 1.8%), onyx (n=11, 1.8%), and coils (n=4, 0.6%). 55 patients (27.2%) experienced post-sclerotherapy AEs with an overall rate of 8.8% (55/621) (Table 219.2). On analysis, patients with VMs in the extremities had a lower risk of AEs (OR=0.42, p=.03, 95%CI: -1.89, 0.17). Female patients had a higher risk of AEs (OR=2.29, p=.02, 95%Cl: 0.11, 0.59). Greater height increased the likelihood of AEs (OR=23.01, p=.02, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.16). In this study, the overall rate of AEs related to percutaneous sclerotherapy of peripheral VMs was lower than in previous studies. VM in the extremities, female sex, and greater height are associated with AEs.219.1Patient Demographics (n=202)RaceWhite143 (70.7%)African American28 (13.8%)Asian10 (4.9%)Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander2 (0.9%)Other19 (9.4%)Mean height (m)1.6 ± 0.1Mean weight (kg)69.1 ± 23.9Mean BMI (kg/m2)25.2 ± 7.1Presenting symptomPain118 (58.4%)Swelling39 (19.3%)Multi-symptoms36 (17.8%)Skin discoloration7 (3.5%)Functional deficit2 (1%)AlcoholYes37 (18.3%)No165 (81.6%)VM locationExtremities111 (54.9%)Head and neck41 (20.3%)Trunk29 (14.3%)≥ 2 locations21 (10.4%) Open table in a new tab 219.2Outcomes (n=202)Intraoperative complicationsYes6 (3%)No196 (97%)Adverse eventsSkin burn42 (20.7%)Prolonged intubation6 (2.9%)Nerve damage5 (2.4%)DVT2 (0.9%)None147 (72.7%)OutcomesResolved49 (89.1%)Recovered with minor sequelae5 (9.1%)Surgery1 (1.8%) Open table in a new tab