Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is observed in a few neonates with Down syndrome. While a large proportion undergo complete remission without any treatment, some of them can develop myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome (ML-DS) in the future. Without proper treatment, mortality can be high. Here we have described an interesting and difficult-to-treat case of a neonatal with Down syndrome who presented with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and 75% blasts. We came across multiple challenges in treatment due to severe pneumonia.
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Mishra et al. (2024) studied this question.
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