Powerful benefits of metel (Datura metel L.) amethyst cultivar seed extract nano-chitosan gel for gingival wound healing

Wound healing is a complex process in which the body naturally repairs damaged tissues, and restores their structure and function. Amethyst (purple) cultivar of metel (Datura metel L.) seed contains an alkaloid that accelerates wound healing by stimulating fibroblast proliferation and migration. Furthermore, nanotechnology can be utilised with mucoadhesive chitosan polymers and gel preparations to enhance the bioavailability of drugs. The present work aimed to investigate the impact of a nano-chitosan gel containing amethyst seed extract (ASE) on the fibroblast count during gingival wound healing. The present work involved 36 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged between three and four months, and divided into four groups: base gel (negative control), Aloclair® gel (positive control), ASE chitosan gel 10%, and ASE nano-chitosan gel 10%. All subjects underwent a 2 mm punch biopsy to their mandibular labial gingiva, and the gels were applied twice a day (morning and evening). Three rats from each group were sacrificed on days 3, 5, and 7, and stained with Haematoxylin Eosin. The fibroblasts were counted using a 40× objective lens magnification microscope. The data were analysed using the Two-way ANOVA test with a confidence level of 95%. The results indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the formulations and the base gel. In conclusion, the ASE nano-chitosan gel increased the fibroblast counts during gingival wound healing.