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October 9, 2025Open Access

Secondary lymphoid organ endothelial cells prime alloreactive CD4+ T cells to trigger acute graft-versus-host disease

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Observational analysis reveals blood endothelial cells activate CD4+ T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, suggesting mechanisms for aGvHD.

Severe aGvHD can be triggered when CD4+ T cells are primed by specific endothelial cells in secondary lymphoid organs.
Genetic models indicate deletion of MHC class II on endothelial cells significantly reduces T cell activation, lowering aGvHD risk.
Blood endothelial cells act as antigen-presenting cells, processing and presenting antigens to donor CD4+ T cells effectively.
Findings suggest targeting blood endothelial cells may provide new strategies for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease.

Shaikh et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Observational analysis reveals blood endothelial cells activate CD4+ T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, suggesting mechanisms for aGvHD.