An Exploratory Analysis of Public Perspectives and Attitudes Towards Radiation in Saudi Arabia

Aim: Radiation exposure is a growing public health concern; however, public understanding of its sources, risks, and protective measures remains limited. This study examined familiarity, misconceptions, and attitudes towards both ionising and nonionising radiation among residents of Saudi Arabia, an area that has received limited attention in the literature. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 888 Saudi residents aged 18 years and above by using a validated online questionnaire. The instrument comprised demographic items, 13 statements assessing radiation familiarity (including knowledge of sources and safety), and 21 items assessing attitudes (including safety practices and willingness to receive further education), all rated on a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric inferential analyses were performed using SPSS v27. Results: Participants had a moderate mean familiarity score (3.34 ± 1.16), whereas attitude scores were high (3.56 ± 1.14). Demographic variables, including age, sex, region, and previous training, significantly affected familiarity and attitudes. A medical background and previous radiation education were associated with a higher familiarity level. Nonetheless, most participants expressed a strong interest in acquiring additional knowledge. Conclusion: Moderate familiarity with radiation and strong attitudes towards protection among the Saudi public highlight opportunities to strengthen practical safety knowledge. These findings indicate the need for targeted, accessible educational initiatives, particularly through digital platforms, to enhance radiation literacy and support the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030.