Identification of the Isolated Components and Study of Antifungal and Anticancer Activity of the Extracts of Polysiphonia Subtilissima Montagne

Objective: We previously identified the presence of different primary and secondary metabolites in Polysiphonia substilissimia Montagne, a red alga from the eastern coast of Odisha. Now, we have isolated and identified a few constituents from the bioactive methanol extract and assessed the anticancer and antifungal activities of the three extracts. Methods: Mass spectrometry determined the molecular weights of the components isolated by column chromatography. The probable structures for the m/z values were found from several databanks and validated using FTIR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. HPLC verified component purity. The isolated components were compared to commercial pure compounds. The extracts and their components' IC50 values were assessed using A549 lung cancer cell line MTT tests. The greatest zone of inhibition for antifungal activity was compared to doxorubicin and amphotericin B using Candida albicans, MTCC 854. Results: Isolated components A and B, 6-bromoindole and indole-3-acetic acid, had Rf values of 0.94 and 0.86 at 194.97 and 174.06 m/z. Agarose and carrageenan were extracted with structure elucidation. Candida albicans was inhibited by ethanol extract. The three extracts and isolated components did not inhibit A549 NSCLC cell growth. Conclusion: Indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) was extensively observed throughout the winter season due to its association with the growth phase and harvesting period. 6-Bromoindole serves as a precursor for the synthesis of secondary metabolites in algae. Agarose, derived from agar and carrageenan, is ubiquitous in all red algae. The extracts and isolates exhibited no anti-lung cancer efficacy against the A549 cell line. The ethanolic extracts demonstrated notable antifungal efficacy.