An investigation into the total phenolic compounds extracted from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt leaves and their application on blood sugar regulation

This study investigated the extraction of total phenolic compounds from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt leaves collected in Tuy Loan, Danang City, Vietnam. The extraction process was optimized based on ethanol concentration (%), material-to-solvent ratio (w/v), extraction time (h), and temperature (°C). The highest yield (0.27 ± 0.015 ‰) was achieved at 80% ethanol, a 1:40 (w/v) ratio, 3 hours, and 60°C. The extract exhibited potential anti-diabetic activity with an IC50 value of 5120 ± 0.45 µg/mL, compared to acarbose (119.73 ± 8.26 µg/mL). The phenolic compound powder met the safety standards for food ingredients set by the Ministry of Health of Vietnam, including microbial and heavy metal limits. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of plant-derived bioactive compounds, supports the use of P. frutescens as a functional food ingredient, and promotes the economic and medicinal value of local Vietnamese herbs.