Optimization of Polysaccharide Extraction Technology From Perilla frutescens Leaves and Its α ‐Glucosidase Inhibition Activity

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Perilla frutescens (PF) processes medicinal and edible properties, making its flowers, stems, leaves, and fruits versatile and valuable. This study optimizes extraction and evaluates the α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of Perilla frutescens leaf (PFL) polysaccharides. It compared PFL polysaccharides extraction efficiency using hot water, cellulase‐assisted, and microwave‐assisted extraction. The experimental results demonstrated that the enzymatic extraction method yielded the highest extraction yield, reaching 4.64%. We used response surface methodology to investigate the four main influencing factors to optimize the enzymatic extraction. The optimized conditions resulted in an improved extraction yield of 6.29%. For optimal enzymatic extraction, use a solid‐liquid ratio of 1:35 g·mL −1 , a temperature of 50°C, a time of 120 min, and an enzyme content of 1500 U/g. This study also investigated the α ‐glucosidase inhibition by Perilla frutescens leaf polysaccharides (PFLPs). The results confirmed that PFLP exhibited an inhibitory effect on α ‐glucosidase, indicating their potential to be utilized as α ‐glucosidase inhibitor. The study found reversible noncompetitive inhibition, providing valuable clues for finding new potential hypoglycemic drugs from natural sources.