Digital Innovations and ICT Tools in Teaching Applied Entomology: A Review

In the digital age, education has rapidly transformed through the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). This transformation is highly evident in the teaching of applied entomology, a domain traditionally reliant on hands-on fieldwork, microscopy and taxonomic expertise. This review synthesizes recent innovations in digital pedagogy and ICT tools such as e-learning platforms, mobile applications, simulation software, virtual microscopy, 3D modeling, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), MOOCs and interactive taxonomic keys and evaluates their impact on teaching applied entomology. With a focus on accessibility, learner engagement and knowledge retention, the paper provides insights into the global adoption of these tools, highlighting case studies and citing relevant literature. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on emerging digital strategies and the need for collaborative, open-source development of entomology-specific educational resources.