Pediatric Allergic Contact Dermatitis (Acd)

Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction increasingly recognized in children, though often underdiagnosed due to clinical overlap with atopic dermatitis. Pediatric ACD typically presents as pruritic, erythematous, or vesicular lesions localized to areas exposed to allergens, with common triggers including nickel, fragrances, and preservatives. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and standardized patch testing, the gold standard for allergen identification. Histology reveals spongiosis, acanthosis, and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration. Management includes allergen avoidance and topical corticosteroids, with calcineurin inhibitors used for sensitive areas. The rising incidence in industrialized settings reflects increased exposure to sensitizers. Prognosis is favourable with early diagnosis and appropriate intervention.