Prevalence of Human Hemorrhoid and Overview of Medicinal Plants with Anti-Hemorrhoidal Potential

Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a common condition affecting the anorectal area in adults, characterized by elevated pressure and abnormal enlargement of vascular plexuses. Global prevalence rates vary significantly, from 4.4% to 86%. For instance, studies indicate rates of 70% in China, 13% to 36% in the United Kingdom, and 4.4% in the United States, where approximately 10 million individuals experience symptoms. Higher prevalence rates are noted in some countries, such as Australia (38.93%), Israel (16%), and Korea (14.4%). In Cameroon, HD accounts for 40.83% of lower gastrointestinal disorders. Limited research exists on hemorrhoids in Ethiopia, with a study at Ayder Referral Hospital showing an internal hemorrhoid prevalence of 7.5% among colonoscopy cases, and 13.1% reported at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialty Hospital. While the exact causes are unknown, risk factors include aging, prolonged straining, and increased intra-abdominal pressure. This study aims to systematically review published articles to investigate the prevalence of hemorrhoids and provide an overview of medicinal plants with anti-hemorrhoidal potential.