Extensive Characterization and Exploration of Anticancer Activity and Catalytic Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Magnetite nanoparticles have emerged as a promising material for cancer treatment because of their biocompatibility. Consequently, this study explores the novel approach of Bryophyllum Pinnatum leaf extract assists in the synthesis of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles (NPs) integrated with zinc (Zn). X‐ray diffraction spectrum of Fe 3 O 4 NPs demonstrates a face‐centered cubic structure with crystallite size in the range of 6–12 nm. Optical band gap energy is determined to be 1.64–1.89 eV. SEM and EDX disclose an irregular shape with agglomerated particles and the existence of Fe, O, and Zn elements. The cytotoxic potential of Zn‐doped Fe 3 O 4 NPs was scrutinized against the human cervical (HeLa) cell line by MTT assay at various dosages. The results revealed good inhibitory concentration for zinc‐doped Fe 3 O 4 NPs, portraying an antiproliferative impact on the HeLa cell line with IC50 of 113.5 µg/mL. The photo‐Fenton catalytic potential of magnetite NPs is evaluated for malachite green (MG) dye, which encompasses 99% of degradation in 80 min using UV light, exhibiting high catalytic performance. This study highlights the dual functionality of magnetite NPs as a nanomedicine for therapeutic applications and an efficient catalyst for environmental remediation.