Bioengineered magnetite nanoplatforms for ROS-induced anticancer and antibacterial applications

In this report, we describe an innovative and environmentally benign process for producing eco-friendly magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) through the use of Albizia saman seed extract as the bio-reductant and stabilizer of the nanoparticles. Fe 3 O 4 NPs were produced using the co-precipitation technique and extensively analyzed through UV-Vis, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and XRD techniques, which established that there had been successful production of crystalline, spherical Fe 3 O 4 nanostructures with nanometric size range and surface Phytofunctionalization. Moreover, biosynthesized Fe 3 O 4 NPs possessed multifunctional biological properties. High antimicrobial activity was recorded against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with high efficiency relative to the antibiotic standards at high concentration levels. Anti-inflammatory property with low IC 50 values (20.25 µg/mL) was also detected, indicating superior biological activity against inflammation than the standard drug diclofenac. Anticancer studies conducted using cell lines confirmed strong selective anticancer activity in response to dose level changes. The observed biological effects could be attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the role played by phytochemical surface capping agents.