Development of operational models for integrating satellite radar interferometry and ground penetrating radar data

Aim. The aim of this work is to develop operational models for integrating satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data to improve the accuracy of monitoring geophysical and ecological changes on the Earth’s surface and in underground structures. The research focuses on optimizing data processing methods to enhance the effectiveness of natural disaster forecasting, infrastructure monitoring, and environmental change studies, as well as improving the integration of various types of geospatial information. Methodology. The methodology is aimed at developing operational models for the integration of satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data to enhance the accuracy of assessing geodynamic processes and monitoring underground structures. Combining these data compensates for the shortcomings of each individual method: InSAR provides highly accurate measurements of vertical surface changes, while GPR provides information on soil structure and underground objects. Preliminary data processing includes the correction of atmospheric and orbital errors for InSAR, as well as the removal of noise and signal calibration for GPR, ensuring data purity for further integration. The next step is geo-referencing, which aligns the coordinates and time stamps of both data sources and integrates them into a single geoinformation system. Integration is achieved using operational models that consider the accuracy and spatial coverage of InSAR and GPR, applying weighting coefficients and machine learning methods to enhance efficiency and automate the process. The accuracy of the integrated data is verified by comparing it with field measurements or independent sources, allowing for the evaluation of the reliability of the methodology and its applicability to real-world tasks such as landslide monitoring, surface subsidence, or infrastructure condition assessment. Practical Significance. The practical significance of the research on integrating satellite radar interferometry and ground-penetrating radar data lies in the fact that the integration of these technologies significantly improves the accuracy and effectiveness of monitoring geophysical processes such as crustal displacement, surface deformation, and changes in underground structures. These methods can be applied in areas such as natural disaster forecasting and prevention (earthquakes, landslides), infrastructure monitoring, ecological change analysis, and underground resource exploration. Integrated models provide more accurate information about surface displacement, which is crucial for effective management of natural resources, urban development, and safety. Moreover, this methodology improves the understanding of the interaction between natural phenomena and human activities, enabling informed decision-making on disaster prevention, risk minimization, and infrastructure stability.