Exploring Van Gogh Syndrome: A Case Report on Schizoaffective Disorder and Self‐Harm

Deliberate self‐harm (DSH) is defined as the intentional infliction of physical injury on oneself without the intent to end one’s life. Common behaviors associated with DSH include cutting with a knife or razor, scratching or hitting oneself, and intentional drug overdose. Additionally, these behaviors may encompass restricting food intake and engaging in other risk‐taking activities, such as driving at high speeds and participating in unprotected sexual activities. DSH is a strong indicator of suicide risk, particularly in individuals with schizophrenia. The death of Vincent Van Gogh on July 29, 1890, at the age of 37, following a firearm‐related suicide attempt, is a compelling example. This occurred a year after his infamous act of self‐inflicted ear mutilation, underscoring the increased suicide risk among individuals with a history of significant self‐mutilation. We report a similar case of a patient who presented with superficial new cuts on a broken index finger of the left upper limb. Further assessment revealed schizoaffective disorder, which required close monitoring and management. There is a need to enhance the knowledge of identifying those at an elevated risk of self‐harm and, whenever feasible, to implement appropriate harm‐reduction strategies.