A Systematic Literature Review: Traffic Management for Motorcycles to Improve Urban Road Air Quality

Motorcycles are a popular mode of transportation for many people. Their simple design makes them easier to maneuver than other types of vehicles. However, the increasing ownership of motorcycles has the potential to increase conflicts with other road users, especially in heterogeneous traffic. Motorcycle movements, especially in urban areas, can affect road performance and ultimately lead to higher levels of vehicle emissions. This research paper is a systematic literature review (SLR) examining evidence from studies on motorcycle demand management policies implemented in various countries. The focus is to evaluate the effectiveness of these policies, especially in countries with high motorcycle usage rates. To address the problem of vehicle emissions on roads with significant motorcycle traffic, several policies have been implemented by relevant authorities. These include banning motorcycles from certain areas or time periods, introducing congestion price, electronic motorcycles, using eco- friendly fuels, and promoting mode shift. The research finding is that a combination of congestion/electronic road pricing policies and a mode shift to public transportation is the most effective traffic management strategy for reducing air pollution.