A Psychological Analysis of the “Fengyue Baojian” Episode in the Literary Classics

Objectives This study aims to provide an in-depth psychological interpretation of the core metaphorical episode of “Fengyue Baojian” in the literary classics. To analyze the deep structure of the psychological anxiety displayed by the male protagonist when confronted with desire and death; explore the mentality of schizophrenia symbolized by the two sides of the “Baojian” (Precious Mirror). Methods This research employs an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on Psychoanalytic Theory (particularly Freud’s discussions of the life and death instincts and anxiety) is applied to interpret the male protagonist’s desire and fear. Simultaneously, concepts from Analytical Psychology, such as the “Shadow” and the “Self” are used to decipher the “Baojian” as a symbolic psychological archetype. Results The male protagonist’s predicament is an extreme manifestation of the conflict between the life and death instincts. His desire for a character (a projection of the life instinct/Eros) and the consequent physical deterioration and threat of death (death instinct) constitute an irreconcilable existential anxiety for him. This episode profoundly embodies the dialectical of “Form is Emptiness” (Se Ji Shi Kong) in traditional culture. Conclusions The “Fengyue Baojian” is far more than a simple moralistic fable; it is a profound text rich in psychological insight. It vividly illustrates the internal anxiety, self-division, and tragic consequences an individual undergoes when driven by desire. Its analysis not only reveals the depth of psychological portrayal in the literary classics but also provides a unique case for understanding the concepts of psychological intervention and healing in traditional Chinese culture.