November 19, 2025InfrastructuresOpen Access

A Numerical Simulation Study on Vertical Vibration Response for Rail Squat Detection with a Train in Regular Traffic

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Numerical simulation demonstrates detection method for rail squats in passenger trains, highlighting sensor placement and speed effects.

Detection method achieves over 90% accuracy for identifying rail squats and their lengths.
Key finding shows the front wheel set is most sensitive to vertical vibrations during rail squat traversal.
Multibody simulation approach explores the effects of squat geometries and train speeds on detection reliability.
Practical recommendations provide guidance on sensor selection and installation for efficient squat monitoring.

Hu et al. (2025) studied this question.

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